The impact of boko haram insurgency on nigerian national. Two boko haram suicide bombers attacked a muslim funeral gathering in northern cameroon 10 km 6 miles east of the nigerian border. Akaoua babiana, along with 27 others who had been kidnapped by boko haram on other occasions, were freed in october 2014 3 killed, unknown wounded. Boko haram have carried out many attacks against the military, police and civilians since 2009 mostly in nigeria, but also in cameroon, chad and niger. It is active mostly in the northeastern parts of nigeria, chad, niger and the north of cameroon. A common account of the groups origin traces it back to 2002, when mohammed yusuf, a charismatic preacher, became its leader. Nation listing entry describes boko haram as an affiliate of alqaeda and also one of the organisations of alqaeda in the islamic maghreb aqim reuters, 2014. To consolidate gains and bring lasting peace to the far north, the government must now shift to longterm socioeconomic development, countering religious radicalism and reinforcing public services. Therefore, this study explores the impact of threat of attacks from boko haram on economic activities exploring current realities in yaounde, the capital of cameroon. Cameroon s military campaign against the boko haram insurgency started late but has met with partial success. However, following the kidnapping in february 20 of a family of french expatriates near the park, visitors have. Sep 25, 20 boko haram could have a disastrous impact on nigerias economy. In 2019, the conflict in northeastern nigeria entered its eleventh year.
Boko haram activities in northeastern nigeria and northern cameroon. Abimbola and adesote 2012, in domestic terrorism and boko haram insurgency in nigeria issues and trends. On august 1011, an attack on a mosque in the state of maiduguri left 56 people dead boko haram is largely believed to have. Introduction in cameroons far north, boko haram is weakened but not yet defeated. In 2009, it was assumed that boko haram was a spent force having suffered critical losses in its leadership. This study proposes to retrace boko haram atrocities in cameroon as well as the history of international cooperation against the islamist sect since the declaration of the war against it in 2014. It is the first known boko haram strike in cameroon at a funeral gathering, although the militants have made an attack on a baptism in the past. Timeline of the boko haram insurgency is the chronology of the boko haram insurgency, an ongoing armed conflict between nigerian islamist group boko haram including their offshoot ansaru and the nigerian government. Nigeria, niger, cameroon, chad and benin with the intention to combat boko haram violent extremism in the affected countries.
Attack on soldiers on the boma peninsula on sunday lasted at least seven hours and reinforcements were. The shaded area illustrates boko harams general area of operations in 20152016. Since 2009, boko haram has transformed itself from a cultlike religious. Introduction for some, it may come as a surprise that, in 2014, boko haram was the deadliest terrorist organization in the world.
War on boko haram grips cameroon in fear cameroon news. This study proposes to retrace boko haram atrocities in cameroon as well as the history of international cooperation against the islamist sect since the declaration of the war against it. Summaries of boko haram activities are provided using available. Boko haram has been linked to the deaths of more than thirtyseven thousand people since 2011, according to cfrs. Boko haram kidnapped the wife of cameroon deputy prime minister, amadou ali, in an attack on the town of kolofata in northern cameroon. The evolution and impact of boko haram in the lake chad basin by virginia comolli october 2017 the lake chad basin region, comprising nigeria, niger, chad and cameroon, is the setting of a violent campaign by jamaatu ahlis sunnah liddaawati wal jihad people committed to the propagation of the prophets teachings and jihad, commonly. The army claims it has dismantled most boko haram cells in cameroon, killed about 2,000 members in fighting and arrested more than 1,000 suspects since 2014. Boko haram is a violent sunni jihadist group founded by cleric mohammed yusuf, who was previously a leader within a salafist group in the 1990s, and was inspired by 14th century fundamentalist scholar ibn taymiyyah. Boko haram is an islamist militant group based in northern nigeria and the lake chad region. In september 2017, boko haram militants kidnapped about 40 young adults, women and children and killed 18 in the town of banki, km southeast of maiduguri, borno state, on the border of nigeria and cameroon. In cameroon, some set up barriers at the entrance to villages to impose levies and are sometimes suspected of facilitating the theft of stolen cattle.
Boko harams regional crossborder activities combating. According to one cameroonian officer, the army has removed a number of individuals from minawao. Pdf an economic analysis of boko harams activities in the chad. Therefore, this study aims to examine the threat of boko haram insurgency on nigerian national security system. Cameroon has been hardest hit by boko haram, which now operates out of bases in the mandara mountains, sambisa forest and lake chad areas straddling the borders between cameroon, nigeria, chad and niger. Boko haram also have some support in areas of borno that were more recently islamised, outside of the main kanuri lgasincluding among part of the babur population in biu, marghi in damboa, and in some villages of the gwoza hills the northeast extension of the mandara mountains that straddle northeast nigeria and the far north of cameroon. Today, boko haram is ostensibly weaker and is not able to conduct largescale attacks any more. Boko haram terrorist group, from being a movement confined to northeastern nigeria has emerged as the most visible threat to peace and development in nigeria.
The boko haram insurgency first appeared in maiduguri in borno state, northeast nigeria around 2002. Fears of boko haram in cameroon jump to media player thomas fessy reports from cameroon on fears that the islamist militant group boko haram is. Four of nigerias neighbours benin, cameroon, chad and niger have agreed to. The activities of boko haram first came to the attention of the media and the public in 2014, though the. Effects of boko haram activities in nigeria research cyber. Boko haram affects economic activity in cameroon event as the cameroonian authorities are waking up to the threat posed by boko haram in the countrys far north and north regions, the economic fallout of the nigerian islamist terrorist groups activities is becoming increasingly apparent. War on boko haram grips cameroon in fear cameroon news al. Vigilante groups fighting boko haram, 23 february 2017. Since then, boko haram has intensified its activities in the far north region of the. However, boko haram not only reemerged as a threat to nigeria, but its activities also placed it on the radar of international terrorism watchers with a. Boko haram hinders demarcation of nigeria, cameroon border.
A key question is what the consequences of the conflict with boko haram will be for the cohesion of cameroons heterogeneous society, which has for years tended to be more drifting apart than coming together. If boko harams activities persist, this economic symphony will b e altered significantly. In may, president goodluck ebele jonathan suspended the constitution and declared a state of emergency in three states at the northeastern tip of nigeria. However the group members call themselves jamaah alahlu alsunnah li aldawah wa aljihad. To improve the security response to the boko haram threat to the government of cameroon. Maroua has a big prison, and the vast majority of suspected boko haram members arrested in cameroon, almost 900 of them, are detained here.
Dealing with boko haram defectors in the lake chad basin. Christian churches and the boko haram insurgency in cameroon. Mar 31, 2016 outside nigeria, cameroon has been hardest hit by boko haram, which now operates out of bases in the mandara mountains, sambisa forest and lake chad areas straddling the borders between cameroon, nigeria, chad and niger. Recent attacks suspectively conducted by boko haram in the north of nigeria and along its border with cameroon and chad are already inflicting damage to local. A hisorical discourse, sees boko haram insurgency as the latest. Boko haram has seized control of a swathe of northeast nigeria and killed thousands in a sixyear insurgency. Christian churches and the boko haram insurgency in. Frequently asked questions congressional research service 2 figure 1. With increased intensity of bombings in t he north, there was strategic mass movement of.
Cameroons military campaign against the boko haram insurgency started late but has met with partial success. Boko harams deadly impact council on foreign relations. Since then, boko haram has intensified its activities in the far north region of the country, making cameroon the second most targeted country, in terms of attacks, by the sect. The spillover of the terrorist activities of boko haram, a nigerian jihadi group, into cameroons north has resulted in security challenges and humanitarian activity opportunities for christian churches. Boko haram could have a disastrous impact on nigerias economy. Apr 30, 2019 despite this, and although others may have done so since, the cameroonian government lacks a clear policy on how to deal with the militants, according to an international crisis group report. The group became active in 2002 under the boko haram leadership of mohammed yusuf. Since 2009, the boko haram insurgency and the governments military response have killed tens of thousands of civilians and displaced millions across the lake chad region, which straddles cameroon, chad, niger, and nigeria. Fears of boko haram in cameroon jump to media player thomas fessy reports from cameroon on fears that the islamist militant group boko haram is infiltrating the country from neighbouring nigeria. Cut off boko haram funding sources while closely monitoring the livestock market in the far north and economic activity in the lake chad region. In 2015, boko haram leader abubakar shekau pledged allegiance to abu bakr albaghdadi, the leader of the islamic state, and boko haram became known as islamic states west africa province iswap.
Nigerias battle with boko haram council on foreign. Boko haramrelated violence has largely been confined to nigerias northeast, in adamawa, borno and yobe states. The impact of boko haram threat on economic activities in. A new chapter in the fight against boko haram, international crisis group, report no. A number of senior cameroonian army officers expect the conflict to end in 2020. Since 2009, boko haram has transformed itself from a. I argue that there is an economic dimension of boko haram terrorism, which is based on two interrelated indicators. View cnn s fast facts on boko haram and learn more about the militant islamic group based in nigeria, whose purpose is to institute sharia, or islamic law. It specifically focuses on the consequences of boko haram on cameroon. The word boko haram means western education is forbidden. Jan 24, 2019 effects of boko haram activities in nigeria.
It does not indicate territorial control by the group. In addition, while cameroon was at first a victim of spillover violence from nigeria and a transit state for arms trafficking, it has now become a rear base from which to attack nigeria and an arena for boko harams kidnap for ransom activities. Jun 09, 2014 view cnn s fast facts on boko haram and learn more about the militant islamic group based in nigeria, whose purpose is to institute sharia, or islamic law. Boko haram insurgency, youth mobility and better life in the far. Despite this, and although others may have done so since, the cameroonian government lacks a clear policy on how to deal with the militants, according to an international crisis group report. Six civilians were killed and another thirty were wounded. Nigerias battle with boko haram council on foreign relations. Boko haram in order to understand how the boko haram insurgency threatens security, it is pertinent to provide a background of its evolution. Boko haram emerged around 2002 as a local islamic group. The emergence of boko haram is a symptom of the maturation of historical extremist and rejectionist impulses in the northeast and the failure of both governmental and customary conflict mitigation institutions.
On august 1011, an attack on a mosque in the state of maiduguri left 56 people dead boko haram is largely believed to have been responsible. Boko haram was reported to have killed 380 people between april and september 2017 in the lake chad area. The groups objective was to establish an islamic state and institutionalize sharia law in nigeria, particularly the northeast region. A week earlier two bombers had killed at least 14 in kano city. The multinational joint task force against boko haram. Boko haram in nigeria the latest news from al jazeera. Abdoulaye bathily, is deeply concerned about the impact of boko haram activities in some countries of the central african subregion, namely chad and cameroon, that are neighbors of nigeria, the base of the terrorist. The evolution and impact of boko haram in the lake chad basin. The region is renowned for its waza national park, which has long been a highlight for tourists travelling to cameroon. Nigeriaorigin radical islamist group boko haram extended armed attacks into northern cameroon in 2014 but was substantially beaten back by joint.
Boko haram, which once preferred to profit from kidnapping foreigners like a french family in. It is the microcosm of a larger project which seeks to evaluate the impact of boko haram conflict around the lake chad region. Beyond nigeria, the group is most active in northern cameroon, chad, and niger. Furthermore, boko harams forays in cameroon have hurt one of far norths key economic activities. Request pdf the impact of boko haram threat on economic activities in cameroon.
However, boko haram not only reemerged as a threat to nigeria, but its activities also placed it on the radar of international terrorism watchers with a series of daring and successful attacks. What is sorely missing is a deradicalisation program, one that teaches a more tolerant islam and reintegrates into society those who were recruited by force and are willing to abandon the movement. How boko haram specifically targets displaced people reliefweb. Introduction boko haram, a movement claiming to act in the name of is lam, has killed tens of thousands of people in nigeria and the neighboring countries of niger, chad, and cameroon. History of boko haram in nigeria and their activities legit. Fighting boko haram in cameroon the wider image reuters. Emergence of boko haram, causes, impacts of boko haram 1. Since 2009, the boko haram insurgency and the governments military response have killed tens of thousands of civilians and displaced millions across the lake chad region, which. Abstractterrorist activities impact on the rights of people as they undermine the ability of people to enjoy their right to life, liberty and fundamental freedoms. In recommendation, government supposed to formulate a policy towards the solution.
In the tracks of boko haram in cameroon crisis group. In addition to the human cost, the activities of terrorists can destabilize governments, peace, security and economic activities. Boko haram has become very notorious in recent years and its activities have also been reported in other neighbouring countries like cameroon. On 12 january 2015, boko haram attacked a cameroon military base in kolofata. In this article, we examine the effects of boko haram in nigeria. Boko harams sixyearold insurgency has pitted neighbour against neighbour, and cost more than 00 lives. Boko haram has been linked to the deaths of more than thirtyseven thousand people since 2011, according to. The boko haram conflict in cameroon why is peace so elusive.
Mozogo, cameroon 1 failed attack a perpetrator tried to attack a rice distribution centre but was killed. The impact of boko haram insurgency on nigerian national security. In conclusion, one can see how the threat and worst boko haram is on nigerian national development. Boko haram and its economic consequences fair observer. It has been most heavily concentrated in borno, with the brunt of the violence. Therefore, this study explores the impact of threat of attacks from boko haram on. In may 2014, cameroon declared war on boko haram at the paris summit. Boko haram thus impacts upon an already fragile context in cameroon, where it could have direct and indirect negative effects. It is about boko haram, whose activities span the geographical space of central and west africa emanating from nigeria. Bernard nsaidzedze sakah is a cameroonian who holds msc in governance and regional integration from pan african university and bsc in. Boko haram claimed responsibility for a suicide attack on a procession of shiite muslims killing at least 21, on 30 november 2015 near the village of dakozoye. Boko haram activities in the northeast of nigeria have created a. Using boko haram activities in the lake chad region, i question the conventional arguments linking religion to the root cause of terrorism.
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